Bruttell Roofing

(1) Crushed stone crushed slag or water-worn gravel used for surfacing a built-up roof; (2) any granular mineral material.

A type of roof discoloration caused by algae. Commonly, but inaccurately, called fungus growth. Usually it is dark brown to black in color.

The cracking of the surfacing bitumen on a built-up roof, producing a pattern of cracks similar to an alligator's hide; the cracks may or may not extend through the surfacing bitumen.

(Atactic Polypropylene) used to make asphalt less viscous at low temperatures yet very pliable at high temperatures. Roofing materials modified in this way are often called "Heat Weldable" because they are applied using a torch.

American Society for Testing and Materials. A voluntary organization concerned with development of consensus standards, testing procedures and product specifications.

An aggregate for application over single-ply, loose-laid roofing systems.

The lowermost ply of roofing material in a roof membrane assembly.

A saturated or coated felt placed as the first ply in some multi-ply built-up roof membranes.

(1) A class of amorphous, black or dark colored, (solid, semi-solid or viscous) cementitious substances, natural or manufactured, composed principally of high molecular weight hydrocarbons, soluble in carbon disulfide, and found in asphalts, tars, pitches and asphaltites; (2) a generic term used to denote any material composed principally of bitumen.

An enclosed pocket of air mixed with water or solvent vapor, trapped between impermeable layers of felt, or between the felt and substrate.

Raised areas or bubbles that may appear on the surface of asphalt roofing after installation.

A condition in which shingles flutter or flap up and down with the wind, tear, and finally blow off the roof entirely.

The formation of wrinkles or furrows across a shingle or shingles.

A beveled strip used under flashings to modify the angle at the point where the roofing or waterproofing membrane meets any vertical element.

A granule-surfaced coated sheet used as the top ply of a built-up roof membrane or flashing.

A strip of wood or metal fastened across other materials for additional strength; may be nailed against the wall for supporting an object.

A method of valley treatment in which shingles from one side of the valley extend across the valley, while shingles from the other side are trimmed 2" from the valley centerline. The valley flashing is not exposed.

A dark brown to black, semi-solid hydrocarbon obtained as residue from the partial evaporation or distillation of coal tar.

A continuous, semi-flexible roof membrane, consisting of plies of felts, mats, or fabrics that are laminated on a roof with alternate layers of cold-applied roof cement and surfaced with a cold-applied coating.

Pre-formed flange placed over a vent pipe to seal the roof around the vent pipe opening. Also called a Vent sleeve.

The conversion of water vapor or other gas to liquid as the temperature drops or the atmospheric pressure rises.

The covering piece on top of a wall exposed to the weather, usually sloped to shed water.

A water shedding device most often fabricated out of sheet metal. It is installed over the terminations along the top of wall flashings.

A plastic copolymer alloy manufactured by the Duro-Last Corporation. This polymer is combined with plasticizers. The finished roof material is reinforced with a weft woven polyester mat.

The permanent deformation of a roofing material or roof system caused by the movement of the roof membrane that results from continuous thermal stress or loading.

A relatively small, elevated area of a roof constructed to divert water around a chimney, curb or other projection.

A hemispherical roof; a small structure above the roof.

A protective rim.

Non-moving rooftop loads, such as mechanical equipment, air conditioning units, and roof deck itself.

Accumulated rubbish, trash, and fragments of roofing.

The structural surface to which the roofing or waterproofing system (including insulation) is applied.

Separation of the plies in a roof membrane system or separation of laminated layers of insulation.

The temperature at which water vapor starts to condense in cooling air at the existing atmospheric pressure and vapor content.

A pipe for draining water from roof gutters. Also called a Leader.

A device that allows for the flow of water from a roof area.

A corrosion-resistant, non-staining material used along the eaves and rakes to allow water run-off to drip clear of underlying construction.

Roof edge that projects over the outside wall. In common usage it refers to the lower edge to which the gutters would be attached.

The elastic, rubber-like properties of a material.

The intimate dispersion of an organic material and water achieved by using a chemical or clay emulsifying agent.

(Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) An A synthetic rubber roofing membrane made by Firestone and other manufactures.

A structural separation between two building elements that allows free movement between the elements without damage to the roofing or waterproofing system.

The portion of the roofing exposed to the weather after installation, usually expressed in inches.

A "face" board installed along the eaves of a roof.

A flexible sheet manufactured by the interlocking of fibers through a combination of mechanical work, moisture and heat. Felts are manufactured principally from vegetable fibers (organic felts), asbestos fibers (asbestos felts) or glass fibers (glass fiber felts); other fibers may be present in each type.

A reinforcing material for asphalt roofing manufactured from glass fibers.

(1) A half-cylindrical or half-conical opening formed by an edge wrinkle; (2) in shingles, a half-conical opening formed at a cut edge.

The system used to seal membrane edges at walls, expansion joints, drains, gravel stops, and other places where the membrane is interrupted or terminated. Base flashing covers the edges of the membrane. Cap flashing or counterflashing shields the upper edges of the base flashing.

A trowelable mixture of cutback bitumen and mineral stabilizers, including asbestos or other inorganic fibers.

A waterproof roofing membrane that can be composed of many kinds of materials such as rubber, plastic, tar, asphalt, silicone, urethane and hybrids of all of these. Flat roof membranes are designed for roofs with slopes of less than 3/12.

A ridged, double-sloping roof.

A gable roof with its slopes broken by an obtuse angle; a gable roof with two pitches in one field.

Glass fibers bonded into a sheet with resin and suitable for impregnation in the manufacture of bituminous waterproofing materials, roof membranes, and shingles.

The trough that channels water from the eaves to the downspouts.

According to ASTMⁱ it is the shortest distance from the butt edge of an overlapping shingle to the upper edge of the shingle two courses below it. It is the "triple coverage" portion of the strip shingle (designed to be minimum 2" in length).

A roof having sloping ends, thus four sloping sides. The line where adjacent sloping sides meet is called a hip.

The roofer's term for hot bitumen.

A special self-adhering waterproofing shingle underlayment designed to protect against water infiltration due to ice dams or wind-driven rain.

A mass of ice formed at the transition from a warm to a cold roof surface, frequently formed by refreezing meltwater at the overhang of a steep roof, causing ice and water to back up under roofing materials.

The slope of a roof expressed either in percent or in the number of vertical units of rise per horizontal unit of run.

A device used in scaffolding a roof; a flashing used to cover pipes and vents.

Strip shingles containing more than one layer of tabs to create extra thickness. Also called three-dimensional shingles or architectural shingles.

Moving roofing installation equipment, wind, snow, ice or rain.

A type of roof containing two sloping planes of different pitch on each of four sides. The lower plane has a much steeper pitch than the upper, often approaching vertical. Contains no gables.

A flexible or semi-flexible roof covering or waterproofing layer, whose primary function is the exclusion of water.

Opaque, natural, or synthetically colored aggregate commonly used to surface cap sheets, granule-surfaced sheets, and roofing shingles.

A curved tapering tile unit.

Asphalt that has been chemically mixed with various polymers such as SBSⁱ or APPⁱ in order to achieve qualities beneficial to the roofing process.

Method of valley construction in which shingles on both sides of the valley are trimmed along a chalk line snapped on each side of the valley. Shingles do not extend across the valley. Valley flashing is exposed.

Oriented strand board.

The part of any wall entirely above the roof.

A rectangular pattern of ridges in a roof membrane over insulation or deck joints.

A flanged, open-bottomed, metal container placed around columns or other roof penetrations that is filled with hot bitumen or flashing cement to seal the joint. The use of pitch pockets is not recommended by NRCA.

A layer of felt in a built-up roof membrane system. A four-ply membrane system has four plies of felt.

A roof surface that is incompletely drained.

The drainage condition in which consideration has been made for all loading deflections of the deck, and additional roof slope has been provided to ensure drainage of the roof area within 48 hours of rainfall.

A thin, liquid bitumen applied to a surface to improve the adhesion of subsequent applications of bitumen.

The sloped edge of a roof at the first or last rafter.

The slope of a roof; the sloping edge on a gable roof that may be covered with a barge board, or verge board.

The sloped edge of a steep roof.

The process of covering an existing roofing system with a new roofing system.

The process of re-covering or replacing an existing roofing system.

A groove in a wall or other surface adjoining a roof surface for use in the attachment of counterflashing.

A roofing or waterproofing membrane reinforced with felts, mats, fabrics or chopped fibers.

The point on a double-sloping roof at which the rafters meet the ridge pole.

A passive air venting device installed along the ridge of the roof allowing air and moisture to vent out of the attic space.

An upward, tenting displacement of a roof membrane, frequently occurring over insulation joints, deck joints and base sheet edges.

A roof drain installed on a flat roof.

A system of interacting roof components (not including the roof deck) designed to weatherproof and, normally, to insulate a building's top surface.

Sometimes called Can Vents. On a steep roof, these are usually provide for an 8" vent opening and are installed near the high point of the roof.

A small structure that helps channel surface water to drains, frequently located in a valley, and often constructed like a small hip roof or like a pyramid with a diamond-shaped base.

Styrene Butadene Syrene used to make asphalt more viscous at low temperatures. Roofing materials modified in this way are very elastic. Such products are often called "mop-down" because they are applied using asphalt as the adhesive.

A mixture of polymers, fillers, and pigments used to fill and seal joints where moderate movement is expected; it cures to a resilient solid.

A rough, unshaved wood shingle.

The boards or other material used for covering the frame or roof structure.

(1) A small unit of prepared roofing material designed for installation with similar units in overlapping rows on inclines normally exceeding 25 percent; (2) to cover with singles; (3) to apply any sheet material in overlapping rows like shingles.

A unit of roofing; usually wood, composition, tile, or slate.

A water shedding roofing material made from a composition of reinforcing membrane (often fiberglass), asphalt and mineral granules. It is intended for use on steep s lope roofs.

The underside of a beam, lintel, archway, cornice, or stairway.

A membrane tear resulting from tensile stress.

The process of removing the roofing aggregate and most of the bituminous top coating by scraping and chipping.

The term used to describe 100 square feet of roof area.

The surface upon which the roofing or waterproofing membrane is applied (i.e., the structural deck or insulation).

An intentional depression around a drain.

The exposed portion of strip shingles defined by cutouts.

A shingle distortion that may arise when a new roof is applied over an uneven surface.

An index of a material's resistance to heat transmission, the reciprocal of thermal conductivity (k) or thermal conductance (C).

The stress-producing phenomenon resulting from sudden temperature changes in a roof membrane when, for example, a rain show follows a brilliant sunshine.

A water-resistant membrane or material assembly extending through a wall or its cavities, positioned to direct water entering the top of the wall to the exterior.

A protective board placed on a sloping roof to prevent workers from slipping or falling.

(1) Troweling mortar into a joint after masonry units are laid; (2) final treatment of joints in cut stonework. Mortar or a putty-like filler is forced into the joint after the stone is set.

Asphalt-impregnated felt used beneath roofing to provide additional protection for the deck.

The movement of water vapor from a region of high vapor pressure to a region of lower vapor pressure.

These are vents that are installed in the lower edge of the roof - usually in the soffit over hang.

A water shedding or water-proofing material installed at the juncture where a horizontal roof plane meets a vertical wall or a through-roof penetration.